Technical Sergeant Joseph A. Farinholt, known as "Lightning Joe" to
his buddies, had already earned three Silver Stars in the five and a half
months since his unit had landed on Omaha Beach on June 7, 1944. A
Guardsman from Baltimore, Maryland, Farinholt was acting platoon leader
for the anti-tank platoon of Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 3rd
Battalion, 175th Infantry, 29th Infantry Division when he earned his fourth
and final Silver Star in late November, 1944. No known enlisted man
in the U.S. Army earned four Silver Stars during the entire war, much less
over such a short span of time.
On November 26, 1944 the 175th Infantry was spread thin around the outer
perimeter of the town of Bourheim, which it had captured three days earlier. For
the sixth time in those three days, a German armored column attempted to
recapture the town, a key to their defense of the strategic city of Julich
on the Roer River. The enemy attack opened with such an intense artillery
barrage that the 29th Division's After Action Report cites as it as "...the
worst suffered by the division during the war." Then the German infantry
and their supporting tanks pushed forward. Men in the outlying areas fell
back toward the town and it looked as though the enemy might finally break
through.
Farinholt quickly went into action. One of his three 57 mm antitank
gun crews, after firing several rounds at the enemy, all became casualties
when a German shell hit a tree near their position. Knowing that the
57 mm gun did not have the penetrating power to pierce a Tiger's armor,
Farinholt loaded, aimed and fired at the tread of the lead Tiger tank, disabling
it and halting the advance of the column. However, the tank returned fire
with armor-piercing machine gun bullets, wounding Farinholt in more than
20 places and shattering the bones in his right leg below the knee . Despite
his wounds he managed to drag himself to his jeep and drive to the battalion
headquarters to alert them of the strength and direction of the German attack.
Weakened by his injuries and unable to control both the clutch and the gas
pedal, Farinholt crashed his jeep into the Headquarters building but refused
first aid until he gave his report. Because of his actions and those of his
platoon, the German advance was stalled for almost an hour and then diverted
to another sector, buying time for the 29th Division to move troops and summon
air support to successfully defeat the attack.
The Germans never recaptured Bourheim. Farinholt's wounds were
so severe that he was returned home and spent nearly two years in the hospital. Though
he lived nearly 60 more years, he never fully recovered from his injuries. He
is depicted here as he fought the war, with several days' growth of
beard, toting his preferred weapon, the M-3 "Grease gun" on
his back, and wearing the boots he "liberated" from a dead German
soldier in Normandy because they were far more comfortable than the U.S.
issue gear.
Farinholt's remarkable bravery was emblematic of the courage displayed
by over 300,000 National Guardsmen who were called to active duty during
peacetime in 1940 and 1941, more then doubling the size of the U.S. Army
before America entered World War II. While some 75,000 Guard enlisted
men went on to become officers during the war, those who – like Farinholt – remained
in the enlisted ranks served an equally valuable role by providing the solid
core of experienced non-commissioned officer leadership that every unit needs
to be successful in combat.