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National Guard supports 59th Presidential Inauguration

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National Guard security mission at U.S. Capitol concludes
May 23, 2021 — ARLINGTON, Va. – The National Guard’s U.S. Capitol security mission to support the U.S. Capitol... MORE

National Guard Soldiers provide security outside the U.S. Capitol during the 59th Presidential Inauguration Jan. 20, as part of the National Guard’s Capitol Response security mission.

Nevada National Guard trio honored for aiding crash victim
May 17, 2021 — LAS VEGAS – Three Nevada Guard Soldiers from 1st Squadron 221 Cavalry were recognized for helping a... MORE

Capt. Tyler Wistisen, left, 1st Lt. Michael Flury and Capt. Tana Gurule were honored by the Veterans of Foreign Wars with the Life Saving Award at the Clark County Armory in Las Vegas May 14, 2021. While in the nation's capital in January supporting the presidential inauguration, the Soldiers assisted a Virginia woman injured in a car crash.

Synchronization a must in continued Guard support to Capitol
April 7, 2021 — ARLINGTON, Va. – When discussing the most recent rotation of National Guard members supporting U.S... MORE

Soldiers with the New Jersey Army National Guard’s A Troop and Headquarters Troop, 1st Squadron, 102nd Cavalry Division, and U.S. Capitol Police officers confer with each other hours after a vehicle rammed a barricade killing one Capitol Police officer and injuring another one at the U.S. Capitol April 2, 2021. The New Jersey Army Guard unit is one of several that continue to support the security mission at the Capitol — made possible by the synchronization efforts involving the National Guard Bureau, the District of Columbia National Guard and Guard units from 11 states.

National Guard units supporting Capitol mission return home
March 17, 2021 — WASHINGTON – More than half the 5,000 National Guard Soldiers and Airmen who have been supporting... MORE

A Soldier supporting the Capitol Response mission in Washington, D.C., out-processes at the District of Columbia Armory March 12, 2021. Soldiers in the nation's capital are redeploying to their home states, with about 2,000 Guard members asked to continue to assist federal law enforcement with security, communications, medical evacuation, logistics, and safety through mid-May.

DCNG inauguration support ribbon recognizes service
March 15, 2021 — WASHINGTON – National Guard members from any state, territory or the District of Columbia who... MORE

Military awards worn by a District of Columbia Army National Guard Soldier in Washington, D.C., March 10, 2021, include the D.C. National Guard Presidential Inauguration Support Ribbon on the bottom right. The ribbon is authorized for award to National Guard members from any state, territory or the District of Columbia who supported the 59th presidential inauguration on Title 32 orders.

In historic year, Washington National Guard answers the call
March 11, 2021 — CAMP MURRAY, Wash. – To describe 2020 as unprecedented would be an understatement. "This past year... MORE

Staff Sgt. Melinda Grounds, a medic with the 141st Medical Group and a registered nurse in Idaho, goes through a questionnaire with a visitor to the mass vaccination site at the Clark County Fairgrounds in Ridgefield, Wash., Jan. 28, 2021. The Washington National Guard is helping at four vaccination sites.

Father, daughter serve together in nation's capital
March 1, 2021 — WASHINGTON – "Keeping families involved is important to the success of all our Soldiers," said 1st... MORE

U.S. Army Sgt. 1st Class Carl Mattonen stands with his daughter, Spc. Carlie Mattonen, both with Forward Support Company, 107th Engineer Battalion, Michigan National Guard, near the U.S. Capitol in Washington Feb. 26, 2021.

Michigan National Guard helps sustain the force in DC
February 12, 2021 — WASHINGTON – Soldiers with Forward Support Company, 107th Engineer Battalion, Michigan Army National... MORE

Soldiers from the Michigan National Guard’s Forward Support Company, 107th Engineer Battalion, based in Marquette, and the 177th Military Police Brigade, based in Taylor, join other Soldiers in food distribution at the U.S. Capitol Feb. 7, 2021. The National Guard is supporting law enforcement in the nation's capital through mid-March.

Michigan Soldier maintains connection with home, work
February 9, 2021 — WASHINGTON – Soldiers with the 1433rd Engineer Company, Michigan National Guard, served in the... MORE

1st Lt. Darren Tanis, executive officer of the Michigan Army National Guard’s 1433rd Engineer Company, based in Fort Custer, Michigan, stands near the U.S. Capitol in Washington Feb. 3, 2021. The National Guard is supporting federal law enforcement in the nation's capital through mid-March.

Australian Army captain continues to serve with DC National Guard
February 8, 2021 — WASHINGTON - January's inauguration support by the National Guard was unique in many ways, with more... MORE

Australian Army Capt. Dustin Gold, a reserve officer from the Royal Australian Artillery 9th Regiment, participates in a Reserve Forces Foreign Exchange Program with D.C. National Guard in Washington D.C., Jan. 23, 2021.

Videos

Video by Kevin D Schmidt

Dr. Robert Stickgold - Sleep, Memory, and Dreams: A Unified View

Air Force Research Laboratory

Dec. 22, 2023 | 01:16:00

Sleep, Memory and Dreams: A Unified View
Robert Stickgold, PhD
Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA USA

The benefits that sleep confers on memory are surprisingly widespread. For simple procedural skills – how to ride a bicycle or distinguish different coins in one’s pocket – a night of sleep or an afternoon nap following learning leads to an absolute and dramatic improvement in performance. Sleep also stabilizes verbal memories, reducing their susceptibility to interference and decay, processes that all too easily lead to forgetting.

But the action of sleep can be more sophisticated than simply strengthening and stabilizing memories. It can lead to the selective retention of emotional memories, or even of emotional components of a scene, while allowing other memories and parts of scenes to be forgotten. It can extract the gist from a list of words, or the rules governing a complex probabilistic game. It can lead to insights ranging from finding the single word that logically connects three apparently unrelated words, to discovering an unexpected rule that allows for the more efficient solving of mathematical problems. It can facilitate the integration of new information into existing networks of related information and help infants learn artificial grammars. Disruptions of normal sleep in neurologic and psychiatric disorders can lead to a failure of these processes.

Dreams appear to be part of this ongoing memory processing, and can predict subsequent memory improvement. The NEXTUP (Network Exploration to Understand Possibilities) model of dreaming proposes that dreaming aids complex problem solving by supporting divergent creativity, acting more by exploring a problem's "solution space" than by searching for the solution itself.

Key Moments in the video include:

Timeline of a good night’s sleep
Sleep physiology
Neuromodulation varies across the wake-sleep cycle
Regional activation in REM sleep - in the brain
Sleep improves what you learn
Learning rate saturates rapidly
Sleep enhances performance
Sleep keeps what is important
Sleep explains the world - weather prediction task
Dream content and memory evolution
Dream hacking and creativity
NEXTUP - Dreaming by sleep stage

Audience questions:

Trying to reconcile amnesiac patient’s paper - hippocampus must not have much to do with dreams then?
Could you say a sentence or two about what you mean by the ‘hippocampus is cut off’?
How do we - how does one measure information flow between the neocortex and hippocampus? What are those methods?
The word pairs in slow-wave sleep - if you were to wake those subjects up, are they having a subjective experience or dreaming? Or are those processes going on non-consciously?
I’m curious about the relationship between sleep and other periods of time where your mind is at rest - do these work together, are there separate functions?
Schema memory and extracting gist - where do you think (a schema) looks like in a brain? What does sleep do to form or update one?